AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH
Review Article
Aug 12, 2025 232 127

Pharmacogenomics Applications in Clinical Practice: Revolutionizing Patient Care

Vivian Ukamaka Nwokedi 1 * ,
Enibokun Theresa Orobator 2,
Olukunle O Akanbi 3,
Josiah Stephen 4,
Oluwafunmilayo Adenuga 5,
Chinaza Faith Ngwoke 6,
Irene Adjoa Anderson 7,
Amber Otibhor Omoike 8
1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.2 College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom. 3 Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, National Louis University, FL, USA.4 Neonatal department, Royal Bolton Hospital, Minerva road Bolton, United Kingdom. 5 Department of medicine and surgery, university of Lagos, Lagos State, Nigeria.6 School of Pharmacy and Health Science, United States International University Africa Nairobi, Kenya. 7 Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana. 8 Department of Pharmacy, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria.* Corresponding Author
Australian Journal of Biomedical Research, 1(1), 2025, aubm001, https://doi.org/10.63946/aubiomed/16743
Publication date: Aug 12, 2025
Full Text (PDF)

ABSTRACT

Background: Personalised medicine through pharmacogenomics is revolutionalizing healthcare delivery by encouraging individualized therapy that takes into consideration an individual's genetic profile, environment and lifestyle. Pharmacogenomics is an aspect of pharmacy that studies the relationship between genetic profile and response to therapeutic agents.  However, the application of the concepts of pharmacogenomics in healthcare helps in achieving more effective and safe responses from therapy. This study evaluates the application and benefits of pharmacogenomics in clinical practice based on evidence from current practices in various medical fields.
Methods: In carrying out this review, PubMed database was the primary literature source and we analyzed and synthesized findings from the included literature thematically as it relates to pharmacogenomics applications, benefits and challenges as well as safety and ethical concerns.
Results: Pharmacogenomics has been widely applied in various aspects of healthcare such as in dosing, choice of treatment, reducing and management of adverse reactions, individualization of therapy, optimizing efficacy of therapy. Despite its numerous applications, its adoption faces challenges such as limited clinical evidence, lack of specialized training among healthcare professionals, cost and complexity of genetic mapping as well as ethical concerns. 
Conclusion: With ongoing advances in genomic technologies, pharmacogenomics is becoming an integral aspect of individualization therapy in clinical practice and more widely applied in different healthcare sectors.

KEYWORDS

Pharmacogenomic Clinical practice Personalized medicine Gene testing Precision medicine

CITATION (Vancouver)

Nwokedi VU, Orobator ET, Akanbi OO, Stephen J, Adenuga O, Ngwoke CF, et al. Pharmacogenomics Applications in Clinical Practice: Revolutionizing Patient Care. Australian Journal of Biomedical Research. 2025;1(1):aubm001. https://doi.org/10.63946/aubiomed/16743
APA
Nwokedi, V. U., Orobator, E. T., Akanbi, O. O., Stephen, J., Adenuga, O., Ngwoke, C. F., Anderson, I. A., & Omoike, A. O. (2025). Pharmacogenomics Applications in Clinical Practice: Revolutionizing Patient Care. Australian Journal of Biomedical Research, 1(1), aubm001. https://doi.org/10.63946/aubiomed/16743
Harvard
Nwokedi, V. U., Orobator, E. T., Akanbi, O. O., Stephen, J., Adenuga, O., Ngwoke, C. F., . . . Omoike, A. O. (2025). Pharmacogenomics Applications in Clinical Practice: Revolutionizing Patient Care. Australian Journal of Biomedical Research, 1(1), aubm001. https://doi.org/10.63946/aubiomed/16743
AMA
Nwokedi VU, Orobator ET, Akanbi OO, et al. Pharmacogenomics Applications in Clinical Practice: Revolutionizing Patient Care. Australian Journal of Biomedical Research. 2025;1(1), aubm001. https://doi.org/10.63946/aubiomed/16743
Chicago
Nwokedi, Vivian Ukamaka, Enibokun Theresa Orobator, Olukunle O Akanbi, Josiah Stephen, Oluwafunmilayo Adenuga, Chinaza Faith Ngwoke, Irene Adjoa Anderson, and Amber Otibhor Omoike. "Pharmacogenomics Applications in Clinical Practice: Revolutionizing Patient Care". Australian Journal of Biomedical Research 2025 1 no. 1 (2025): aubm001. https://doi.org/10.63946/aubiomed/16743
MLA
Nwokedi, Vivian Ukamaka et al. "Pharmacogenomics Applications in Clinical Practice: Revolutionizing Patient Care". Australian Journal of Biomedical Research, vol. 1, no. 1, 2025, aubm001. https://doi.org/10.63946/aubiomed/16743

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